Stomatológ, 2025 (vol. 35), issue 1
Editoriál
MUDr. Juraj Strecha, PhD.
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):3 
X-ray diagnostics in orthodontics – a comparison of slovak and international guidelines
MDDr. Ľubomír Gazdík 1,2, prof. MUDr. Viera Lehotská, PhD.1
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):6-9
ABSTRACT Radiographic diagnostics plays a fundamental role in orthodontic examination and treatment planning. Considering the risks of ionizing radiation, especially in the pediatric population, the application of the ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) and an evidence-based approach is essential. In 2025, the Slovak Orthodontic Society approved its Standard Therapeutic Procedures, providing an opportunity to compare them with international guidelines. The aim of this paper is to analyze the indications, frequency, and optimization of the use of major radiographic methods (OPG, cephalometry, CBCT) in orthodontics in the context of Slovak...
Ultrasound Guided Suprazygomatic block of the sphenopalatinal ganglion and its use as method of anesthesia in surgical treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis
MDDr. Martina Semanová1, MUDr. Peter Lenčéš2, MUDr. Lívia Sladká, PhD., MHA1, MDDr. Peter Harich1, MUDr. Vladimíra Schwartzová, PhD., MPH3
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):10-14
ABSTRACT Performing surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis or antral cysts is not that extensive procedure, however in local anesthesia it can be painful due to extensive inflammation of sinus mucosa, because of that we usually use general anesthesia to undergo the surgery. General anesthesia is overall safe and those with significant health conditions can undergo procedures under it, but it can also have a lot of complications. Nowadays due to discovery of modern techniques , monitoring equipment and safe anesthetic agents, there is decline in morbidity and mortality rates, however the incidence of minor and more common complications has not change...
Management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
MDDr. Katalin Hegyi, MUDr. Simona Dianišková, PhD., MPH, univ. doc.
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):15-20
ABSTRACT Sleep is a vital physiological state essential for proper growth, development, emotional well-being, and immune function in children. Higher sleep quality is associated with increased secretion of growth hormone and reduced nocturnal motor activity. In recent years, the prevalence of sleep disorders has been steadily increasing. Habitual snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are among the most common conditions, both caused by upper airway collapse during sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea is widely regarded as the most severe form of sleep-disordered breathing, affecting both adults and children. In pediatric patients, dysfunctional breathing...
Delayed development of the lower second premolars
MDDr. Denis Ruškár, MDDr. Eva Kopernická, MUDr. Simona Dianišková, PhD., MPH., univ.doc.
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):21-24
ABSTRACT Delayed odontogenesis of the lower second premolars represents a relatively rare aberration in dental development, which may affect final occlusion, spatial arrangement of teeth and orthodontic treatment planning. This article analyzes the etiopathogenesis, epidemiology and clinical implications of delayed odontogenesis of the second premolars, with particular emphasis on the differential diagnosis among physiological delay, hypoplasia and agenesis. A case study is presented, documenting longitudinal follow-up of siblings with delayed mineralization of the mandibular second premolars.
Condylar Shaving – Correction of Facial Asymmetry and Occlusion in Laterognathia: A Case Report
MDDr. Sarah Kalmanová, MUDr. Alena Koniarová, MDDr. Zuzana Koniarová, MUDr. Petr Michl, Ph.D., MDDr. Tomáš Broniš,, MUDr. Eva Sedlatá, Ph.D., MDDr. Rastislav Juríček, doc. MUDr. Mária Janíčková, PhD., MPH
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):25-30
ABSTRACT Unilateral condylar hyperplasia represents a pathological abnormal growth of the temporomandibular joint, which can affect both function and the aesthetics of the facial skeleton—leading to laterognathia and facial asymmetry. Diagnosis is based not only on clinical examination but also on scintigraphy of the temporomandibular joints. In the presented case report, we describe a female patient with condylar hyperplasia of the right temporomandibular joint and skeletal Class III, in whom surgical intervention on the temporomandibular joint led to the correction of facial asymmetry while preserving joint function. We assume that early diagnosis...
Ectodermal dysplasia – a rare diagnosis in an orthodontic practice
MDDr. Dominika Michalcová, MUDr. Simona Dianišková, PhD., MPH
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):31-34
ABSTRACT Ectodermal Dysplasia (ED) represents a group of over 200 genetically determined disorders characterized by the involvement of at least two ectodermal-derived structures. This rare condition, among the others, leads to hypodontia or oligodontia, altered facial features, and impaired oral function. Due to its impact on craniofacial development and dentition, ED significantly affects patients' quality of life, posing unique challenges for dental and orthodontic care. Successful treatment requires a carefully coordinated and multidisciplinary approach, where orthodontic intervention plays a central role in managing skeletal discrepancies and preparing...
Level of oral hygiene in treatment with fixed appliances and clear aligners
MDDr. Natália Gerdová1,2, MDDr. Eleonóra Ivančová, PhD.1,2, MUDr. Vladimíra Schwartzová, PhD., MPH, MHA1
Stomatológ 2025, 35(1):35-42
ABSTRACT The authors of the study examine the impact of fixed appliances and clear aligners on oral hygiene levels, investigating how these devices affect biofilm formation, as well as the development of supragingival and subgingival plaque, including its microbiological composition. They assess the level of oral hygiene of patients using plaque detection methods and the application of the quantitative QHI index. The cohort of patients is analyzed and categorized based on research group, gender, and age. The aim of the study was to gain insights into the impact of fixed appliances and clear aligners on oral hygiene levels and provide useful information...