Stomatológ 2020, 30(2):26-29 | DOI: 10.69658/sto.2020.014

Basic characteristics of inflammatory bowel diseases

Jana Kluknavská^*, Silvia Timková, Jozef Minčík, Eugen Ďurovič

1. stomatologická klinika LF UPJŠ a UN L. Pasteura, Košice

SKZL - Regionálna komora zubných lekárov - výbor pre vzdelávanie, Košice

In this review article, the authors describe basic characteristics of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. They describe ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and provide available data on definition, clinical picture, etiopathogenesis, disease progression and frequent complications. In Crohn's disease, the authors discuss in detail oral lesions, which are divided into specific, non-specific, lesions caused by malnutrition and complication-induced lesions. Specific lesions are: squamous stiffness of the mucosa in the vestibulum oris, the formation of granulomatous lesions on the gingiva and lips, swellings of the attached gingiva as well as the mucous membrane of the lips and the face, with possible formation of bleeding ulcers. Non-specific lesions are: aphthous stomatitis, pyostomatitis vegetans, lichenification and lichen planus, and halitosis. To lesions caused by malnutrition belong: angular cheilitis, mucogingivitis, and formation of rhagades on the lips and tongue, dry mouth. Complication-induced lesions are: angular cheilitis, cheilitis granulomatosis, chronic marginal periodontitis, atrophic glossitis, oral candidiasis, chronic ulcerative stomatitis. In conclusion, the need of cooperation is emphasized because frequent complications due to pathological lesions can appear on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, as well as on the hard dental tissues. Finally, changing the drug forms and their dosage can cause undesirable side effects of drugs, appropriate assessment of which can improve the quality of life of patients.

Keywords: chronic bowel inflammation, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease

Published: December 15, 2020  Show citation